Android 切换系统语言源码分析（上）

转载请标明出处： http://blog.csdn.net/u011974987/article/details/50793343；
本文出自:【二锅头的博客】

以前了解Android的多语言实现很简单，可以在不同的语言环境下使用不同的资源，就做好相应的语言适配就好，但是一直没有实际使用过。 最近公司的项目要用到多国语言切换，并且还是和手机上系统设置里面的语言切换功能一样，于是就上网查了下资料。一般都是在应用类实现多国语言切换，这个是很简单。而我想切换整个系统的语言。由于谷歌没有把系统设置里面的接口给开放出来，所以就只好去查看它的源码了~

• android语言切换是在：

packages/apps/Settings/com/android/settings/LocalePicker.java

的updateLocale()函数中调用，
源码如下：

/** 
 * Requests the system to update the system locale. Note that the system looks halted  for a while during the Locale migration, so the caller need to take care of it. 
  */  
    public static void updateLocale(Locale locale) {  
        try {  
            IActivityManager am = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();  
            Configuration config = am.getConfiguration();  

            config.locale = locale;  

            // indicate this isn't some passing default - the user wants this remembered  
            config.userSetLocale = true;  

            am.updateConfiguration(config);  
            // Trigger the dirty bit for the Settings Provider.  
            BackupManager.dataChanged("com.android.providers.settings");  
        } catch (RemoteException e) {  
            // Intentionally left blank  
        }  
    }  

• 从注释可以看出, 只要本地local改变就会调用该函数. 查看ActivityManagerNative的getDefault()可以看到, 该函数返回的是远程服务对象ActivityManagerServices.java在本地的一个代理. 最终调用的是ActivityManagerService.java中的updateConfiguration()函数.

public void updateConfiguration(Configuration values) {  
        enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_CONFIGURATION,  
                "updateConfiguration()");  

        synchronized(this) {  
            if (values == null && mWindowManager != null) {  
                // sentinel: fetch the current configuration from the window manager  
                values = mWindowManager.computeNewConfiguration();  
            }  

            if (mWindowManager != null) {  
                mProcessList.applyDisplaySize(mWindowManager);  
            }  

            final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();  
            if (values != null) {  
                Settings.System.clearConfiguration(values);  
            }  
            updateConfigurationLocked(values, null, false, false);  
            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);  
        }  
    }  

• 该函数, 首先进行的是权限的校验. 然后调用updateConfigurationLocked()函数.

/** 
     * Do either or both things: (1) change the current configuration, and (2) 
     * make sure the given activity is running with the (now) current 
     * configuration.  Returns true if the activity has been left running, or 
     * false if <var>starting</var> is being destroyed to match the new 
     * configuration. 
     * @param persistent TODO 
     */  
    public boolean updateConfigurationLocked(Configuration values,  
            ActivityRecord starting, boolean persistent, boolean initLocale) {  
        int changes = 0;  

        boolean kept = true;  

        if (values != null) {  
            Configuration newConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);  
            changes = newConfig.updateFrom(values);  
            if (changes != 0) {  
                if (DEBUG_SWITCH || DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) {  
                    Slog.i(TAG, "Updating configuration to: " + values);  
                }  

                EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, changes);  

                if (values.locale != null && !initLocale) {  
                    saveLocaleLocked(values.locale,   
                                     !values.locale.equals(mConfiguration.locale),  
                                     values.userSetLocale, values.simSetLocale);  
                }  


                mConfigurationSeq++;  
                if (mConfigurationSeq <= 0) {  
                    mConfigurationSeq = 1;  
                }  
                newConfig.seq = mConfigurationSeq;  
                mConfiguration = newConfig;  
                Slog.i(TAG, "Config changed: " + newConfig);  

                final Configuration configCopy = new Configuration(mConfiguration);  

                AttributeCache ac = AttributeCache.instance();  
                if (ac != null) {  
                    ac.updateConfiguration(configCopy);  
                }  

                // Make sure all resources in our process are updated  
                // right now, so that anyone who is going to retrieve  
                // resource values after we return will be sure to get  
                // the new ones.  This is especially important during  
                // boot, where the first config change needs to guarantee  
                // all resources have that config before following boot  
                // code is executed.  
                mSystemThread.applyConfigurationToResources(configCopy);  

                if (persistent && Settings.System.hasInterestingConfigurationChanges(changes)) {  
                    Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(UPDATE_CONFIGURATION_MSG);  
                    msg.obj = new Configuration(configCopy);  
                    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);  
                }  

                for (int i=mLruProcesses.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {  
                    ProcessRecord app = mLruProcesses.get(i);  
                    try {  
                        if (app.thread != null) {  
                            if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Sending to proc "  
                                    + app.processName + " new config " + mConfiguration);  
                            app.thread.scheduleConfigurationChanged(configCopy);  
                        }  
                    } catch (Exception e) {  
                    }  
                }  
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED);  
                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY  
                        | Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING);  
                broadcastIntentLocked(null, null, intent, null, null, 0, null, null,  
                        null, false, false, MY_PID, Process.SYSTEM_UID);  
                if ((changes&ActivityInfo.CONFIG_LOCALE) != 0) {  
                    broadcastIntentLocked(null, null,  
                            new Intent(Intent.ACTION_LOCALE_CHANGED),  
                            null, null, 0, null, null,  
                            null, false, false, MY_PID, Process.SYSTEM_UID);  
                }  

            }  
        }  

        if (changes != 0 && starting == null) {  
            // If the configuration changed, and the caller is not already  
            // in the process of starting an activity, then find the top  
            // activity to check if its configuration needs to change.  
            starting = mMainStack.topRunningActivityLocked(null);  
        }  

        if (starting != null) {  
            kept = mMainStack.ensureActivityConfigurationLocked(starting, changes);  
            // And we need to make sure at this point that all other activities  
            // are made visible with the correct configuration.  
            mMainStack.ensureActivitiesVisibleLocked(starting, changes);  
        }  

        if (values != null && mWindowManager != null) {  
            mWindowManager.setNewConfiguration(mConfiguration);  
        }  

        return kept;  
    }  

• 整个语言切换就在这个函数中完成. 咋一看似乎没感觉到该函数做了哪些事情. 我们首先来看注释: Do either or both things: (1) change the current configuration, and (2)
  make sure the given activity is running with the (now) current. configuration大概意思是: 这个函数做了两件事情. (1). 改变当前的configuration. 意思就是让改变的configuration更新到当前configuration. (2) 确保所有正在运行的activity都能更新改变后的configuration.(这点是关键.) . 我们按照这个思路看看android是如何更新configuration. 查看代码 , 首先看到 这个函数首先判断values是否为空, 这里values肯定不为空的, 然后changes = newConfig.updateFrom(values); 我们看看updateFrom做了什么操作。

/** 
     * Copy the fields from delta into this Configuration object, keeping 
     * track of which ones have changed.  Any undefined fields in 
     * <var>delta</var> are ignored and not copied in to the current 
     * Configuration. 
     * @return Returns a bit mask of the changed fields, as per 
     * {@link #diff}. 
     */  
    public int updateFrom(Configuration delta) {  
        int changed = 0;  
        ...  
        if (delta.locale != null   && (locale == null || !locale.equals(delta.locale))) {  
            changed |= ActivityInfo.CONFIG_LOCALE;  
            locale = delta.locale != null   ? (Locale) delta.locale.clone() : null;  
            textLayoutDirection = LocaleUtil.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(locale);  
        }  
        if (delta.userSetLocale && (!userSetLocale || ((changed & ActivityInfo.CONFIG_LOCALE) != 0)))  
        {  
            userSetLocale = true;  
            changed |= ActivityInfo.CONFIG_LOCALE;  
        }  
        ...  
        return changed;  
    }  

• 因为语言改变了, 那么 (!locale.equals(delta.locale)) 是true. changed 大于0, 然后return changed. 回到ActivityManagerService.java的updateConfigurationLocked函数, 因为changed不为0 , 所以走if这个流程. 继续看代码。

        for (int i=mLruProcesses.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {  
                    ProcessRecord app = mLruProcesses.get(i);  
                    try {  
                        if (app.thread != null) {  
                            if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Sending to proc "  
                                    + app.processName + " new config " + mConfiguration);  
                            app.thread.scheduleConfigurationChanged(configCopy);  
                        }  
                    } catch (Exception e) {  
                    }  
                }  

• 首先看到的是mLurProcesses 是ArrayList类型. LRU : Least Recently Used保存所有运行过的进程. ProcessRecord进程类, 一个apk文件运行时会对应一个进程. app.thread. 此处的thread代表的是ApplicationThreadNative.java类型. 然后调用其scheduleConfigurationChanged(); 查看该函数。

    public final void scheduleConfigurationChanged(Configuration config)  
            throws RemoteException {  
        Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();  
        data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);  
        config.writeToParcel(data, 0);  
        mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED_TRANSACTION, data, null,  
                IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);  
        data.recycle();  
    }  

• 又是通过binder调用, 所以 , binder在android中是一个很重要的概念. 此处远程调用的是ActivityThread.java中的私有内部内ApplicationThread。

    private class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative {  
        private static final String HEAP_COLUMN = "%13s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s";  
        private static final String ONE_COUNT_COLUMN = "%21s %8d";  
        private static final String TWO_COUNT_COLUMNS = "%21s %8d %21s %8d";  
        private static final String TWO_COUNT_COLUMNS_DB = "%21s %8d %21s %8d";  
        private static final String DB_INFO_FORMAT = "  %8s %8s %14s %14s  %s";  


        ...  
        public void scheduleConfigurationChanged(Configuration config) {  
            updatePendingConfiguration(config);  
            queueOrSendMessage(H.CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, config);  
        }  
        ...  
}  

• 而ApplicationThread中的handler的CONFIGURATION_CHANGED是调用handleConfigurationChanged()。

    final void handleConfigurationChanged(Configuration config, CompatibilityInfo compat) {  

       ArrayList<ComponentCallbacks2> callbacks = null;  

    ...         ...  
       applyConfigurationToResourcesLocked(config, compat);  

       ...  

       callbacks = collectComponentCallbacksLocked(false, config);  
       ...  

       if (callbacks != null) {  
           final int N = callbacks.size();  
           for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {  
               performConfigurationChanged(callbacks.get(i), config);  
           }  
       }  

• 这个函数首先是调用applyConfigurationToResourcesLocked(). 看函数名大概可以猜想到: 将configuration应用到resources.这里configuration改变的是local 本地语言. 那而resources资源包含语言包吗？

    final boolean applyConfigurationToResourcesLocked(Configuration config,  
            CompatibilityInfo compat) {  

        int changes = mResConfiguration.updateFrom(config);  
        DisplayMetrics dm = getDisplayMetricsLocked(null, true);  


        if (compat != null && (mResCompatibilityInfo == null ||  
                !mResCompatibilityInfo.equals(compat))) {  
            mResCompatibilityInfo = compat;  
            changes |= ActivityInfo.CONFIG_SCREEN_LAYOUT  
                    | ActivityInfo.CONFIG_SCREEN_SIZE  
                    | ActivityInfo.CONFIG_SMALLEST_SCREEN_SIZE;  
        }  

        ...  

        Resources.updateSystemConfiguration(config, dm, compat);  

        ...  

        Iterator<WeakReference<Resources>> it =  
            mActiveResources.values().iterator();  
        while (it.hasNext()) {  
            WeakReference<Resources> v = it.next();  
            Resources r = v.get();  
            if (r != null) {  
                if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Changing resources "  
                        + r + " config to: " + config);  
                r.updateConfiguration(config, dm, compat);  
                //Slog.i(TAG, "Updated app resources " + v.getKey()  
                //        + " " + r + ": " + r.getConfiguration());  
            } else {  
                //Slog.i(TAG, "Removing old resources " + v.getKey());  
                it.remove();  
            }  
        }  

        return changes != 0;  
    }  

• Resources.updateSystemConfiguration()清除一部分系统资源, 并且将config更新到Resources, 而Resources包含了一个AssetManager对象, 该对象的核心实现是在AssetManager.cpp中完成的. 然后循环清空mActivityResources资源. 再回到handleConfigurationChanged()函数, 执行完updateSystemConfiguration后, 会循环该进程的所有activity:

if (callbacks != null) {

        final int N = callbacks.size();
        for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
            performConfigurationChanged(callbacks.get(i), config);
        }
    }

再来看performConfigurationChanged的实现:

private final void performConfigurationChanged(  
            ComponentCallbacks2 cb, Configuration config) {  
        // Only for Activity objects, check that they actually call up to their  
        // superclass implementation.  ComponentCallbacks2 is an interface, so  
        // we check the runtime type and act accordingly.  
        Activity activity = (cb instanceof Activity) ? (Activity) cb : null;  
        if (activity != null) {  
            activity.mCalled = false;  
        }  

        boolean shouldChangeConfig = false;  
        if ((activity == null) || (activity.mCurrentConfig == null)) {  
            shouldChangeConfig = true;  
        } else {  

            // If the new config is the same as the config this Activity  
            // is already running with then don't bother calling  
            // onConfigurationChanged  
            int diff = activity.mCurrentConfig.diff(config);  
            if (diff != 0) {  
                // If this activity doesn't handle any of the config changes  
                // then don't bother calling onConfigurationChanged as we're  
                // going to destroy it.  
                if ((~activity.mActivityInfo.getRealConfigChanged() & diff) == 0) {  
                    shouldChangeConfig = true;  
                }  
            }  
        }  

        if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Config callback " + cb  
                + ": shouldChangeConfig=" + shouldChangeConfig);  
        if (shouldChangeConfig) {  
            cb.onConfigurationChanged(config);  

            if (activity != null) {  
                if (!activity.mCalled) {  
                    throw new SuperNotCalledException(  
                            "Activity " + activity.getLocalClassName() +  
                        " did not call through to super.onConfigurationChanged()");  
                }  
                activity.mConfigChangeFlags = 0;  
                activity.mCurrentConfig = new Configuration(config);  
            }  
        }  
    }  

• 该函数判断configuration是否改变, 如果改变那么shouldChangeConfig为true. 然后调用activity的onConfigurationChange(config);

/** 
    * Called by the system when the device configuration changes while your 
    * activity is running.  Note that this will <em>only</em> be called if 
    * you have selected configurations you would like to handle with the 
    * {@link android.R.attr#configChanges} attribute in your manifest.  If 
    * any configuration change occurs that is not selected to be reported 
    * by that attribute, then instead of reporting it the system will stop 
    * and restart the activity (to have it launched with the new 
    * configuration). 
    *  
    * <p>At the time that this function has been called, your Resources 
    * object will have been updated to return resource values matching the 
    * new configuration. 
    *  
    * @param newConfig The new device configuration. 
    */  
   public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {  
       mCalled = true;  

       mFragments.dispatchConfigurationChanged(newConfig);  

       if (mWindow != null) {  
           // Pass the configuration changed event to the window  
           mWindow.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);  
       }  

       if (mActionBar != null) {  
           // Do this last; the action bar will need to access  
           // view changes from above.  
           mActionBar.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);  
       }  
   }  

• 查看注释, 大概意思是: 如果你的activity运行 , 设备信息有改变(即configuration改变)时由系统调用. 如果你在manifest.xml中配置了configChnages属性则表示有你自己来处理configuration change. 否则就重启当前这个activity. 而重启之前, 旧的resources已经被清空, 那么就会装载新的资源, 整个过程就完成了语言切换后 , 能够让所有app使用新的语言。
• 上面这些就是对Android 系统里面的语言切换进行了源码分析，就先分析到这里；有些东西我也不是很看懂，能力有限~
• 明天我们再来分析怎么来实现Android 系统语言切换的功能。 Android 切换系统语言功能实现！
• O(∩_∩)O~ 打哈欠了睡觉了~